Italian Mafia Essay - 1356 Words

The Mafia was first developed in Sicily in feudal times to protect the estates of landlords who were out of town. The word Mafia, derived from the Sicilian word, Mafioso, means family. Today, Mafia is a name which describes a loose association of criminal groups. These groups can be bound together by blood, oath or sworn secrecy. Many people had considered the Sicilian Mafia as the most ruthless mobsters of the twentieth century. By the 1900‘s, the Mafia had become known as a network of criminal thugs that dominated the Sicilian countryside. Members of the Mafia were bound by Omerta. Omerta, an Italian word, stands for a strict code of conduct. The code include avoiding all contact or cooperation with authorities. In the beginning the†¦show more content†¦People immigrated for a number of reasons. Many of them dreamed of leaving behind their old worlds. Worlds of oppression, fear, and crime. Unfortunately, this dream was shattered for many of the immigrants. For those wh o migrated to Chicago, several found themselves living in urban ghettos filled with dangerous and deadly circumstances. Crime, along with the Mafia was brought into the new world. Due to the language barriers, cultures and people did not mix. The Italians remained with, socialized with, and committed crimes on other Italians within the Italian community. The Chicago Mafia remained in contact with the Mafia connections in Italy. Since each community had their own gang, there were several of them. There was the Chinese, Irish, Jewish, and Italian gangs. Each gang had their own style. For example: there was the Dead Rabbits gang. They were known for attacking regular civilians in broad daylight. They got their name by the unforgettable dead rabbits they carried on sticks while beating people up. There was also the Italian Mafia. They were recognized by the Black Hand. The Black Hand was a letter with a black hand print on it. The letter would simply ask for money. Every Italian knew that if you refused to pay, it would cost you your life. The only way to be immune to the terrifying Black Hand was to be a part of the Mafia. Even Italian tenor Enrico Coruso received a Black Hand letter demanding two thousand dollars. WithoutShow MoreRelated Italian Mafia Essay1315 Words   |  6 PagesItalian Mafia The Mafia was first developed in Sicily in feudal times to protect the estates of landlords who were out of town. The word Mafia, derived from the Sicilian word, Mafioso, means family. Today, Mafia is a name which describes a loose association of criminal groups. These groups can be bound together by blood, oath or sworn secrecy. Many people had considered the Sicilian Mafia as the most ruthless mobsters of the twentieth century. By the nineteenth century, the Mafia had becomeRead More American Mafia vs. Italian Mafia in Cinema Essay2645 Words   |  11 Pagesconcept to life within the Mafia from their point of view. Doing so, creating a positive association. Yet within Italy, the same topic contains a complete different view. Movies such as I Cento Passi demonstrate unenthusiastic view by those whom are outside yet negatively affected by those members. Unlike American films, the gangsters are not as often viewed at the protagonist and are the main causes for the problematic events. But how different is Italian Mafia and American Mafia in cinema? The GodfatherRead MoreThe Italian Mob And The Russian Mafia1323 Words   |  6 PagesWhen people think of organized crime they think of the Italian mob and the Russian mafia. They are the ones that they see in movies and on television, and the ones that they hear about the most. However, they were created a couple centuries after their Asian counterparts, the Yakuza in Japan, and the Triads in China. These Asian syndicates were founded in the sixteenth and seventeenth century and consisted of merchants and other people in what was basically the middle class. They were just groupsRead MoreThe Rise and Fall of the Italian Mafia1664 Words   |  7 Pagesfocuses on glamorizing the Mafioso lifestyle, distracting from the true nature of organized crime. Over the past decade, the key opportunities have been utilized by the Italian Mafia, resulting in a powerful behind-the-scenes dominance over many aspects we may not expect. Its gonna be a Cosa Nostra. The Honored Society, or Mafia, as it was less often called, was a vast criminal brotherhood that had developed in Palermo and western Sicily independently of the Camorra of Naples. They developedRead MoreTony Sopranos And The Italian Mafia777 Words   |  4 PagesIn popular American culture, the Italian Mafia has always been portrayed through romantic lenses. Almost as if mirroring the sentiments of the audience, Henry Hill in the movie The Goodfellas tells the viewers, â€Å"As far back as I can remember, I always wanted to be a gangster.† (Scorcese) The quintessential mafia movie, The Godfather, was made over forty years ago, yet Michael Corleone stays at the forefront of popular American icons. What’s not to love about a no-nonsense tough guy, willing to goRead MoreThe American Mafia, An Italian American Organized Crime Network Essay1730 Words   |  7 Pages The American Mafia, an Italian-American organized crime network with operations in cities across the U nited States, particularly New York and Chicago, rose to power and control through its success in the illegal liquor trade during the 1920s Prohibition era. After Prohibition, the Mafia moved into other criminal missions, from drug trafficking to illegal gambling, while also intruding with labor unions and legal businesses such as construction, and New York’s garment industry. The Mafia’s violentRead MoreThe Origins Of The American Mafia1711 Words   |  7 Pagessociety has been fascinated with the gangster lifestyle and the American Mafia is no exception to this trend. Mafia themed movies such as Scarface and Goodfellas have proven to be timeless classics. However, the American Mafia goes deeper than the media shows. While they do have the same name, the American Mafia is a group of Italian Americans and is not directly affiliated with the original Sicilian Mafia. The American Mafia is a highly organized and complex nationwide criminal network with a membershipRead MoreItalian Women in Violent Organizations Essay831 Words   |  4 PagesItalian Women in Violent Organizations The essay, Mafiosi and Terrorists: Italian Women in Violent Organizations, by Alison Jamieson, discusses the role women have played in violent organizations in Italy. Despite male exclusivity and authoritarianism, women involved in such organizations have come a long way in widening the horizons of female influence in administration and commercial roles. The paper looks at, analyzes and compares two main violent organizations in Italy, the leftistRead More Mafia Essay1422 Words   |  6 Pages The Mafia way of life may seem like a romantic updated version of the western movie played out on the streets of the big cities where the good guys and the wise guys who share the same instincts and values do battle before an enthralled public but it is actually very different. The Mafia is really just a group of uneducated thugs making money by victimizing the public. Initially, the Mafia was setup as a prominent supplier of bootlegged liquor, but it has spread into many different areas of crimeRead MoreEssay about Organized Crime1744 Words   |  7 PagesAmerica as well as the social state of its homeland, Europe. Our society is convinced that the so-called Mafia is a family of pure criminals, pimps, and murderers. Whatever the opinion, there is no doubt that the Mafia played a big part in the history of America and the way Americans view crime today. The origins of the secret society known as the Mafia are believed to be as old as the 9th century (Mafia History). During the 9th century, the Mafias main purpose was to strengthen themselves against enemies

Sir Gawain And The Green Knight Chivalry Essay - 796 Words

Knights and shining armor, is a modern day description of knights. These knights road on horseback, jousted, but more importantly, served by a code. This was a code dealing with chivalry, in which knights obeyed by. The article Nighthood and Chivalry, defines it by, â€Å"In modern English, chivalry means the ideals, virtues, or characteristics of knights,† (Velde). There is one specific knight who shows this code in the story, Sir Gawain and The Green Knight. The knight is Gawain, a noble and courageous man who makes a deal with the Green Knight. The story Sir Gawain and The Green Knight shows chivalry by respect, strength, and honesty. The story displays a type of chivalry by Gawain through respect. Knights respect women, their peers, as†¦show more content†¦In the story, he and the Green Knight have a deal where Gawain can either cut the Green Knight’s head, or slice it completely off. Whichever he chooses, Gawain must find the Green Knight a year later and the Green Knight gets to return the â€Å"favor†. Furthermore, the story explains, â€Å"Gawain grips his ax and gathers it aloft...brought it down deftly upon the bare neck...and cut the flesh cleanly and clove it in twain...the head was hewn off and fell to the floor,† (page 176, lines 192-198). Gawain decides to slice off the Green Knight’s head; however, the Green Knight is still alive, for he is magical. Although he is still alive, Gawain has to use his strength to slice the Green Knight’s head off. This is just one more way Gawain shows chivalry, through strength. The story also mentions the idea of chivalry by displaying honesty. Honesty, once again, is one of the main factors in the knight’s code. In the article, The Tenets of Chivalry -- The Knights Codeen, lightens, â€Å"A Knight doesnt make promises lightly, but once he gives his word, he always keeps it,† (VR-TechSolutions). After a year has passed in Sir Gawain and The Green Knight, Gawain keeps the promise he made with the Green Knight. He stays honest to his word and promise in the deal and heads to the knight’s house. Before he does so, king Arthur has a celebration for Gawain winning the challenge. He then informs Gawain, â€Å"NowShow MoreRelatedSir Gawain and the Green Knight – A Test of Chivalry Essay2448 Words   |  10 PagesSir Gawain and the Green Knight – A Test of Chivalry Essay with Outline   Loyalty, courage, honor, purity, and courtesy are all attributes of a knight that displays chivalry. Sir Gawain and the Green Knight is truly a story of the test of these attributes. In order to have a true test of these attributes, there must first be a knight worthy of being tested, meaning that the knight must possess chivalric attributes to begin with. Sir Gawain is self admittedly not the best knight around. HeRead MoreBritish Literature Essay: Macbeth vs. Sir Gawain and the Green Knight653 Words   |  3 Pagestheir surrounding history. Macbeth is a tragedy written by William Shakespeare in 1604; Sir Gawain and the Green Knight was written in the 1300’s by an unknown author. The following essay is going to compare and contrast the two stories mentioned above based on historical setting, cultural context, literary styles, and the aesthetic principles of the period in which they were written. Sir Gawain and the Green Knight were written in the late 14th century (1300’s) in Northwestern England. During this timeRead MoreSir Gawain Essay784 Words   |  4 Pages Sir Gawain Essay In Sir Gawain and the Green Knight, Sir Gawain continuously proves his knightly virtues and code of honor. Chivalry includes bravery, honor, and courtesy. He proves that he is in fact a real; Knight. He shows his bravery by shying away from nothing and no one. He proves his honor and courtesy to everyone he meets by showing respect to all whether he receives it back or not. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Sir Gawain shows his bravery the first moment he has the chance to, whenRead MoreEssay on Sir Gawain and the Green Knight804 Words   |  4 PagesSir Gawain Essay In Sir Gawain and the Green Knight, Sir Gawain continuously proves his knightly virtues and code of honor. Chivalry includes bravery, honor, and courtesy. He proves that he is in fact a quot;realquot; Knight. He shows his bravery by shying away from nothing and no one. He proves his honor and courtesy to everyone he meets by showing respect to all whether he receives it back or not. #9;Sir Gawain shows his bravery the first moment he has the chance to, when the GreenRead MoreEssay on The Role of Women in Sir Gawain and the Green Knight5387 Words   |  22 PagesThe Role of Women in Sir Gawain and the Green Knight In the Fourteenth Century, Feudalism and its offspring, chivalry, were in decline due to drastic social and economic changes. In this light, _Sir Gawain and the Green Knight_ presents both a nostalgic support of the feudal hierarchies and an implicit criticism of changes, which, if left unchecked will lead to its ultimate destruction. I would suggest that the women in the story are the Gawain poets primary instruments in this critique andRead MoreThe Role of Lady Bertilak in Sir Gawain and the Green Knight Essay1665 Words   |  7 PagesBertilak in Sir Gawain and the Green Knight The role of women was a key role in medieval times. In the poem of Sir Gawain and the Green Knight, two women represent this role. They are Lady Bertilak, who is Lord Bertilak’s wife, and Morgan La Faye. It all starts when Sir Gawain is welcomed to Lord Bertilak’s castle and then he meets these two women living there. At all times, Bertilak requests Gawain to feel at home and socialize with these women without problems. Bertilak trusts Gawain even thoughRead MoreSir Gawain And Don Quixote1373 Words   |  6 PagesFinal Essay Professor Meghan Evans 12/09/15 Who is More Chivalrous, Sir Gawain or Don Quixote? Sir Gawain and Don Quixote†¦these brave men bolster the honor, courage, and bravery which can be only demonstrated by that of the chivalrous knight. They face strong adversity, yet are able to use their wit and cunning in order to gain the upper hand. They uphold the laws of chivalry every knight must obey. First a knight must obey God. Then a knight must obey his King and his Lords. And then a knight mustRead More King Arthur Essay1428 Words   |  6 PagesRomano-Briton king who led the Celts against the Anglo-Saxons in the early 8th century (Americana, Arthurian Romances, 1972). The kings of the medieval period were warlords that protected a particular area of land. They surrounded themselves with knights, or thanes, who swore allegiance in battle in exchange for gifts of gold, armor, and land. There are stories that depict Arthur in this role, similar to that of Beowulf and Hrothgar in the poem Beowulf. However, later stories show Arthur in a differentRead MoreDon Quixote Es say1083 Words   |  5 PagesSue Kim 29 October 2012 Honors Literature Don Quixote Essay â€Å"With these word and phrases the poor gentleman lost his mind,† (Cervantes 20). In the beginning of Don Quixote, the reader is introduced to a man engulfed in chivalric books, who soon loses his mind in the stories of knighthood. Don Quixote is labeled as an insane man by the narrator who soon proves this statement through Don Quixote’s delusions and eccentric behaviors. As the narrator describes the delusions, the narrator’s tone isRead More Paganism and Christianity’s Roles in Sir Gawain and the Green Knight2350 Words   |  10 PagesPaganism and Christianity’s Roles in Sir Gawain and the Green Knight Gawain’s belief by the end of â€Å"Sir Gawain and the Green Knight† is that he has failed—in honesty, fidelity, and faith. As a representative of an ideal Christian whose priority is to remain godly (and knightly), he sees the outcome of his quest quite differently than the Green Knight. The Green Knight also prizes honesty, though not always at the cost of life, a view not necessarily shared by Gawain. Strangely enough, King Arthur’s

Labor and American Football Free Essays

The development of labor relations in American football has been marked by two periods in its century of existence.   During its beginning labor organizations were weakened by the fractured nature of the football league itself.   Various upstart leagues consistently threatened and weakened the original league, the National Football League (NFL) and at times put in danger the growth of the sport in the America. We will write a custom essay sample on Labor and American Football or any similar topic only for you Order Now Yet, since the league consolidated in the second half of the century we have seen a new period in labor relations come to the forefront.   And while it was once held that players would probably never unionize, the player strikes in 1982 and 1987 and their results have proven past analysts predictions to be wrong.   The football of the 1980s and 90s was fraught with player/manager blowouts and the increasingly assertive nature of player’s organizations or player’s unions as they are now referred to came to the forefront. A Brief History of Football The big money problems facing the American football league today find its roots in the development of the sport and its growth in popularity as a notable aspect of American culture.   The incredible money making potential of professional football developed on principles of â€Å"rugby football ´Ã‚ ´ being played at universities in Eastern Canada and the United States. Professional American football can be said to have its starting point when William â€Å"Pudge ´Ã‚ ´ Heffelfinger was paid $500 by a club in Pittsburgh to play for them in a game.[1]   Towards the twentieth century the game would begin to accumulate loyal spectators across the country, though college football was the most popular form of spectator football.   Along with football’s growing popularity would come entrepreneurs eager to cash-in on the sport’s growth. The most significant signal of the sports growth was the forming of the National Football League (NFL) in 1920.   The NFL’s first official name was the American Professional Football Association and it was made up of five professional teams who’s main goal in uniting was to stop the stealing of team members from within their ranks.[2]   The cost of franchise was $25 and the teams met whenever it was determined that they could make money.[3]   In 1921 the group formally changed its name to the National Football league. It wasn’t long before the league was outshining college football and attendance at games went up radically.   Small-town teams got swallowed up by big-city teams and football and annual championships began in 1933.   The 1930s were extremely important in the development of the league. Gould and Staudohar state that, â€Å"Significant rules changes were introduced, most notably legalizing the forward pass from anywhere behind the line of scrimmage. Goal posts were put on the goal lines. And the league was divided into two divisions, leading to a championship playoff under regularized conditions at the end of the season.†[4] By the 1950s professional football was beating out college teams in the fight for spectators.   In addition, a new element had been added to the sport, television.   Television participation and attendance levels at games were constantly on the rise.   Fans turned on the tube and poured into stadiums to catch a glimpse of rising football stars such as Bobby Layne and Johnny Unitas.   In 1955 NBC paid $100,000, a 40 percent increase over the previous year, to televise the title game.[5] Since then football’s growth has been unstoppable and largely predominated by the NFL.   Currently the league is made up of thirty-two teams, which are divided into two conferences and then four sub-divisions.   At the nd of each year the league holds a twelve team tournament that eliminates the teams down to two teams which will play in the league’s most anticipated game of the year, the Super Bowl. Currently the NFL is â€Å"one of the most popular sports leagues in the United States, and has the highest per-game attendance of any domestic professional sports league in the world, drawing over 67,000 spectators per game for its most recently completed season in 2006.†[6] The Era of League Splits The rise of professional football and the revenues that came along with it would be accompanied by numerous attempts of upstart leagues to wrestle viewership from NFL games.   The first attempts were made under the auspice of a parallel group of teams titled the American Football Leagues (AFL).   Before 1941 there were three such attempts made by the AFL to upstage the NFL, none of which were successful. The last of these attempts was particularly unsuccessful and Gould and Staudohar claim that, â€Å"The new league was woefully undercapitalized and almost from its first games exhibited dire financial trouble. Missed payrolls became routine. Not surprisingly, the league folded early in its second season.†[7]   The most successful of these leagues was the All-American Football Conference which appeared at the close of the Second World War, when there was an influx of interest in spectator sports.   The league lasted for four years and at its close three of its teams joined the NFL and were moderately successful within that league. Continued growth in televised games and stadium attendance would result in the most significant attempts by alternate leagues to break in on the action in the mid-60s and later in the 80s.   Lamar Hunt created another version of the AFL, after his attempt to purchase an NFL franchise to bring to Texas backfired.   Hunt set out on an aggressive campaign to win spectator interest by introducing gimmicks such as â€Å"wider-open passing offenses, players’ names on their jerseys, and an official clock visible to fans so that they knew the time remaining in a period (the NFL kept time by a game referee’s watch, and only periodically announced the actual time).†[8] But it was the bidding war for players that almost brought the whole of American football on its knees.   Fortunately, and as a result of the expansion and costly players, the leagues merged in 1966.   By 1970 the teams from both leagues had formed to make up the NFL’s American Football Conference.   The AFL-NFL championship game became the Super Bowl.   The only other league to be created after that was the United States Football League that, despite heavy financing, important players and a television contract, went under within three years due to low revenues. Meanwhile the NFL, along with the Super Bowl and Monday Night Football became an important aspect of American life.   It was thought that a new era of co-operation between labor and football was on the rise but there were more problems to come. Part 2   The Era of the Player/Management Split For most of football’s beginning years the idea that sports professionals would form into unions was inconceivable to many.   Today it is clear that Unions are highly important to professional football and baseball players alike.   The forming of unions in so many walks of American life and their increasing power in society brought football players to the same conclusion millions of other working Americans came to: unions strengthened a worker’s rights and provided a buffer against the rampant financial interests of owners, whether they be factories or baseball franchises. Currently NFL players are members of the National Football League Players Association (NFLPA).   The main duty of this organization is to help construct the Collective Bargaining Agreement (CBA), which sets the minimum contract for NFL players.   The association also helps to negotiate individual player contracts.   The association has been up and working since 1993 and has been integral in the player’s negotiations with team management.   It is also important to note that since its creation there has not been a full-out strike since the 1987 season, â€Å"which is much longer than Major League Baseball, the NBA or the NHL.†[9] With such a track record it is safe to say that unions are here to stay although it did not always look as though that would be the case.   Despite the positive outlook, after the NFL’s consolidation, some analysts predicted that there would be growing trouble between the franchises and their players.   Their predictions largely proved to be correct.   Gould and Staudohar claim that â€Å"This view was myopic†, and that in fact, â€Å"The mid- 1970s saw the emergence of arm’s-length bargaining and the resulting collective bargaining agreements in the major sports.   []   Despite progress toward resolving some long-standing disputes, the true character of player/ management splits was just being revealed.†[10] Before the seventies there had been little leeway made in player negotiations on issues such as pension funds and insurance coverage.   The first league wide strike would occur in 1968 and would be formed on these very issues.   As the situation reached never-before-seen levels of intensity, the players refused to show up for pre-season practices.   Managers responded with a lockout.   Eventually the players came back to the field after having gained almost nothing.   Yet this strike would set the stage for those to come in 1974, 1982 and 1987. For the last forty years changes in areas such as free agency rules and salary levels have largely been fought using anti-trust law.   Some analysts claim that, in fact, there are more anti-trust issues within professional sports cases than in many other industries.[11]   Scremin claims that, â€Å"As a result of antitrust litigation, professional sport leagues and teams had to abandon or at least modify rules and policies governing their businesses. This is a trend with no signs of slowing down.†[12]   Yet, despite headway made in various cases involving anti-trust measures, the 1977 and 1982 NFL collective bargaining agreements are â€Å"two of the least effective agreements in professional sports on the issue of player mobility.†[13] It was during the 1982 strike that players gained the greatest ground in their battle with owners.   After a 57 day strike and a nine game season the Players Association won big concessions including a considerable raise in pay and the right to copies of individual contracts.[14]   Yet, issues such as free agency, pensions and severance pay remained on the bargaining table. The 1987 strike was a continuation of the demands of 1982 but this time around the player’s union was badly organized and many were reluctant to go on strike in the first place.[15]   The end result was that the players lost their check off privelege, in addition to be replaced by aspiring NFL players for a time.   Staudohar claims that, â€Å"By striking when so many players preferred not to, the union may have harmed itself.†[16] The strike of 1987 would be the beginning of a bitter relationship between the NFL Players Association and the NFL Commission.   The end result was that playing went on for six years without a labor deal and with considerable distrust between Gene Upshaw, head of the Players Association and Paul Tagliabue, Commissioner for the NFL.[17] By 1993 both sides were ready to talk and the end result was the granting of unrestricted free-agency rights for the players and a salary cap for the owners.   Fisher claims that, â€Å"The trade gave each side a key concession it had sought for years, but also tied them together at the hip. Veteran players finally could take full charge of their careers and maximize their incomes, but only within the overall limits set by the salary cap, which in turn reflects league revenues.†[18] Since then the contract has been re-signed with ease four times since 1993.   Currently the CBA covers areas such as the minimum salary for the league, the salary cap, the annual collegiate draft, and free agency rules.[19]   In May of 2006 the CBA was negotiated again with a salary cap of 94.5 million, 56.5% of football revenue to the players association and free agency for the players.   The talks were complicated by the talks around revenue-sharing policies of the owners.[20] Conclusion Labor relations within American football was largely put on hold for the first half of the century.   Struggles between the NFL and various aspiring football leagues such as the AFL took precedence over the creation of player’s unions.   It wasn’t until the second half of the century that the NFL would have to come face to face with player demands backed by an ever-strong NFLPA.   While the union suffered a set back in the 1987 strike by 1993 it had negotiated an essential issue for its players, free-agency.   Throughout the past forty years player’s unions have consistently fought against anti-trust measures and have to a great extent come out on top.   We can only wait to see what the future holds for them. Works Cited â€Å"Collective Bargaining Agreement Between the NFL Management Council and the NFL Player’s Association.†Ã‚   March 8. 2006,   nflpa.org Fisher, Eric.   â€Å"MLB Can Learn from the NFL: The Game Would Benefit If Owners/players Emulated Their Football Counterparts.†Ã‚   Insight on the News   January 7. 2002,   32-34. Forbes, Gordon.   â€Å"82 strike changed salary dealings forever.†Ã‚   USA Today   August 6. 2001,   http://www.usatoday.com/sports/comment/forbes/2001-06-08-forbes.htm Gould, William, B and Staudohar, Paul, D.   Labor Relations in Professional Sports.   Dover: Auburn House,   1986. â€Å"NFL sets paid attendance record.†Ã‚   NFL News   April 13. 2007,   http://www.nfl.com/news/story/9908132 Scremin, Glaucio.   â€Å"Impact of Antitrust Laws on American Professional Team Sports.† United States Sports Academy: The Sports Journal   2005, http://www.thesportjournal.org/2005Journal/Vol8-No1/SCJ_04_antitrust.asp Staudohar, Paul, D.   â€Å"The Football Strike of 1987: A Question of Free Agency.†Ã‚   Monthly Labor Review   111 (1988):   26-35. Weisman, Larry.   â€Å"NFL labor talks stall, free agency postponed again.†Ã‚   USA TODAY   May 3.   2006,  Ã‚  Ã‚   http://www.usatoday.com/sports/football/nfl/2006-03-05-labor-talks_x.htm [1] Gould, William, B and Staudohar, Paul, D.   Labor Relations in Professional Sports.   Dover: Auburn House,   1986: 88. [2] Gould and Staudohar, 89 [3] Gould and Staudohar, 89 [4] 91 [5] Gould and Staudohar, 92 [6] â€Å"NFL sets paid attendance record.†Ã‚   NFL News   April 13. 2007,   http://www.nfl.com/news/story/9908132 [7] Gould and Staudohar, 93 [8] Gould and Staudohar, 94. [9] â€Å"NFL sets paid attendance record.†Ã‚   NFL News   April 13. 2007,   http://www.nfl.com/news/story/9908132 [10] Gould and Staudahar, 2. [11] Scremin, Glaucio.   â€Å"Impact of Antitrust Laws on American Professional Team Sports.† United States Sports Academy: The Sports Journal   2005 [12] Scremin. [13] Gould and Staudohar, 109. [14] Forbes, Gordon.   â€Å"82 strike changed salary dealings forever.†Ã‚   USA Today   Aug 6. 2001,   http://www.usatoday.com/sports/comment/forbes/2001-06-08-forbes.htm [15] Staudohar, Paul, D.   â€Å"The Football Strike of 1987: A Question of Free Agency.†Ã‚   Monthly Labor Review   111 (1988): 26 [16] Staudohar, 26 [17] Fisher, Eric.   â€Å"MLB Can Learn from the NFL: The Game Would Benefit If Owners/players Emulated Their Football Counterparts.†Ã‚   Insight on the News   Jan 7. 2002: 33 [18] Fisher, 34 [19] â€Å"Collective Bargaining Agreement Between the NFL Management Council and the NFL Player’s Association.†Ã‚   March 8. 2006,   nflpa.org [20] Weisman, Larry.   â€Å"NFL labor talks stall, free agency postponed again.†Ã‚   USA TODAY   May 3.   2006,  Ã‚  Ã‚   http://www.usatoday.com/sports/football/nfl/2006-03-05-labor-talks_x.htm How to cite Labor and American Football, Essay examples

The Taming of the Shrew - Katherinas Transformation free essay sample

Advanced English Essay By Morgan Clifford Discuss Katherinas Transformation Through-Out The Play Love can transform any individual into a new person. In William Shakespeares play, The Taming Of The Shrew, Katherina Minola starts off as a rebellious and unorthodox character (especially when compared to her pure sister Bianca), but ends up evolving from a stubborn shrew into a loyal and obedient wife to Petruchio. Shakespeare uses the plot as well as numerous other techniques such as metaphor, symbolism and tone to establish the transformation of Katherina to show the audience the impact that love can have on ones personality and human spirit. By the end of the play, we are left to believe that Katherina was a shrew that was waiting to be tamed by her male suitor all along; and thereby hangs a tale. Through-out the beginning of The Taming Of The Shrew (Act I and Act II), Shakespeare presents Katherina as a feisty and rebellious feminist which results in her father, Baptista, being constantly bombarded with criticism and rage by not only possible suitors for Bianca but other characters featured within Padua. An example of peoples animosity towards her is when Gremio declares her as a fiend of hell and states that any man is so very fool to be married to hell. These metaphorical quotes give the audience an understanding as to the type of wife Katherina would be at this stage of the play. Hortensio also says that Katherina is not likely to get a husband unless she is of gentler spirit and claims that she is renowned in Padua for her scolding tongue. These quotes give the audience an understanding as to how different people perceive her character before her transformation. Katherina proves to the audience her stubbornness and unwillingness to bow down to men when she says to Petruchio after being told to marry on Sunday Ill see thee hanged on Sunday first. Katherina shouts with such bitterness because she is not used to people telling her what to do in the forceful manner that Petruchio uses. Katherina claims her rebellious spirit is down to the fact that she is too independent and intelligent to allow any man to tell her what to do, but the audience is led to believe that it is because she has never had male attention. At this point in the story Katherina is still in the mindset that she must not be controlled by a man and therefore acts like a shrew to turn away any possible suitors. Once Petruchio and Katherina are wed in quite an eventful ceremony which takes place in Act III Scene I, the taming of the shrew officially begins. After the two of them leave their wedding and are en route to Petruchios home in Verona, he makes a start of trying to rid her of her wicked ways by making her ride a burrow through the rain while he rides a horse. When they arrive at Petruchios home, Katherina could not fulfil her need for food and sleep with Petruchio making up an excuse that the food was not good enough for her. Later on, Petruchio and Katherina are preparing themselves to go back to Padua for her sister Bianca and Lucentios wedding. When Petruchio tells Katherina that a tailor will be making her a new outfit for the wedding, she gets excited. That is until she comes home to see that her new outfit was ripped to shreds by Petruchio after he reacted with rage towards the tailor (which helps Katherina understand that violence is not the best solution to ones problem) because the fabric was not good enough and she will have to wear her old outfit. Petruchios hateful behaviour teaches Katherina obedience without her even noticing the game that he is playing on her. Through the taming, Katherina learns obedience but more importantly she learns to see herself as others see her. On their journey to Padua, Petruchio demands that Katherina call the sun the moon and an old man a young virgin. Katherina does exactly what Petruchio tells her to and that part alone proves that Petruchio has succeeded in taming Katherina from an unpredictable shrew to a respectful wife. By the end of The Taming of the Shrew, Petruchio has succeeded in taming Katherina by making her a compliant and loyal wife. Katherinas obedience is tested when Petruchio says that the sun is the moon and that Vincentio is a young lady. Katherina proves her new-found subservience by saying What you will have it named, even that it is, and so it shall be so for Katherine. By saying this, Katherina shows Petruchio and the audience that she will adhere to whatever he says, whether it be true or not, simply because he is a man this proves how far she has come since the opening of the play where we saw her smashing windows when being quizzed on her love life. Katherina also passes the last test of obedience in the play, when Petruchio sends for her, while celebrating with Hortensio and Lucentio at his wedding reception, and she comes immediately. She then delivers a monologue to the women that attended the wedding about how she has been tamed by Petruchio and then she goes on to tell the women listening to her to place your hands below your husbands foot; in token of which duty, if he please. Katherina is saying that the wives must submit themselves to their husbands, a completely different attitude to the one that she possessed at the start of The Taming Of The Shrew. In her final speech, she also chastises Bianca and the widow for their disobedience to their duties as a wife. This shows that Katherina has not only been tamed but no longer acts like a shrew. Bianca has an outburst in front of the large crowd which proves to the audience that Bianca was the shrew all along. Now everyone knows the real Katherina. contrast conclusion edit presentation The significance of the change in Katherines behavior at the end of the play proves to be very important. It shows that people can change. It also shows that certain people can bring   out the best in somebody. In this case Petruchio brought out the best in Katherine after taming her and making her an obedient wife. Throughout most of The Taming of the Shrew, Katherine is portrayed as a stubborn shrew that will never be tamed; however, Petruccio does end up taming her and making her obedient to him. Kate is at first stubborn to Petruccios methods of taming her but soon obeys, thus becoming obedient to him. Katherine shows that though someone may seem to be a shrew, that they are really capable changing, an important part to human nature.

The Taming of the Shrew - Katherinas Transformation free essay sample

Advanced English Essay By Morgan Clifford Discuss Katherinas Transformation Through-Out The Play Love can transform any individual into a new person. In William Shakespeares play, The Taming Of The Shrew, Katherina Minola starts off as a rebellious and unorthodox character (especially when compared to her pure sister Bianca), but ends up evolving from a stubborn shrew into a loyal and obedient wife to Petruchio. Shakespeare uses the plot as well as numerous other techniques such as metaphor, symbolism and tone to establish the transformation of Katherina to show the audience the impact that love can have on ones personality and human spirit. By the end of the play, we are left to believe that Katherina was a shrew that was waiting to be tamed by her male suitor all along; and thereby hangs a tale. Through-out the beginning of The Taming Of The Shrew (Act I and Act II), Shakespeare presents Katherina as a feisty and rebellious feminist which results in her father, Baptista, being constantly bombarded with criticism and rage by not only possible suitors for Bianca but other characters featured within Padua. An example of peoples animosity towards her is when Gremio declares her as a fiend of hell and states that any man is so very fool to be married to hell. These metaphorical quotes give the audience an understanding as to the type of wife Katherina would be at this stage of the play. Hortensio also says that Katherina is not likely to get a husband unless she is of gentler spirit and claims that she is renowned in Padua for her scolding tongue. These quotes give the audience an understanding as to how different people perceive her character before her transformation. Katherina proves to the audience her stubbornness and unwillingness to bow down to men when she says to Petruchio after being told to marry on Sunday Ill see thee hanged on Sunday first. Katherina shouts with such bitterness because she is not used to people telling her what to do in the forceful manner that Petruchio uses. Katherina claims her rebellious spirit is down to the fact that she is too independent and intelligent to allow any man to tell her what to do, but the audience is led to believe that it is because she has never had male attention. At this point in the story Katherina is still in the mindset that she must not be controlled by a man and therefore acts like a shrew to turn away any possible suitors. Once Petruchio and Katherina are wed in quite an eventful ceremony which takes place in Act III Scene I, the taming of the shrew officially begins. After the two of them leave their wedding and are en route to Petruchios home in Verona, he makes a start of trying to rid her of her wicked ways by making her ride a burrow through the rain while he rides a horse. When they arrive at Petruchios home, Katherina could not fulfil her need for food and sleep with Petruchio making up an excuse that the food was not good enough for her. Later on, Petruchio and Katherina are preparing themselves to go back to Padua for her sister Bianca and Lucentios wedding. When Petruchio tells Katherina that a tailor will be making her a new outfit for the wedding, she gets excited. That is until she comes home to see that her new outfit was ripped to shreds by Petruchio after he reacted with rage towards the tailor (which helps Katherina understand that violence is not the best solution to ones problem) because the fabric was not good enough and she will have to wear her old outfit. Petruchios hateful behaviour teaches Katherina obedience without her even noticing the game that he is playing on her. Through the taming, Katherina learns obedience but more importantly she learns to see herself as others see her. On their journey to Padua, Petruchio demands that Katherina call the sun the moon and an old man a young virgin. Katherina does exactly what Petruchio tells her to and that part alone proves that Petruchio has succeeded in taming Katherina from an unpredictable shrew to a respectful wife. By the end of The Taming of the Shrew, Petruchio has succeeded in taming Katherina by making her a compliant and loyal wife. Katherinas obedience is tested when Petruchio says that the sun is the moon and that Vincentio is a young lady. Katherina proves her new-found subservience by saying What you will have it named, even that it is, and so it shall be so for Katherine. By saying this, Katherina shows Petruchio and the audience that she will adhere to whatever he says, whether it be true or not, simply because he is a man this proves how far she has come since the opening of the play where we saw her smashing windows when being quizzed on her love life. Katherina also passes the last test of obedience in the play, when Petruchio sends for her, while celebrating with Hortensio and Lucentio at his wedding reception, and she comes immediately. She then delivers a monologue to the women that attended the wedding about how she has been tamed by Petruchio and then she goes on to tell the women listening to her to place your hands below your husbands foot; in token of which duty, if he please. Katherina is saying that the wives must submit themselves to their husbands, a completely different attitude to the one that she possessed at the start of The Taming Of The Shrew. In her final speech, she also chastises Bianca and the widow for their disobedience to their duties as a wife. This shows that Katherina has not only been tamed but no longer acts like a shrew. Bianca has an outburst in front of the large crowd which proves to the audience that Bianca was the shrew all along. Now everyone knows the real Katherina. contrast conclusion edit presentation The significance of the change in Katherines behavior at the end of the play proves to be very important. It shows that people can change. It also shows that certain people can bring   out the best in somebody. In this case Petruchio brought out the best in Katherine after taming her and making her an obedient wife. Throughout most of The Taming of the Shrew, Katherine is portrayed as a stubborn shrew that will never be tamed; however, Petruccio does end up taming her and making her obedient to him. Kate is at first stubborn to Petruccios methods of taming her but soon obeys, thus becoming obedient to him. Katherine shows that though someone may seem to be a shrew, that they are really capable changing, an important part to human nature.

Asthma in Australia Illness and Treatment Essay Example

Asthma in Australia: Illness and Treatment Paper Asthma is said to be a chronic disease that is affecting more and more australians today.   Australia is the second highest country in terms of the prevalence of asthma.   One in every four children, one out of seven young adults, and one in every ten adults are said to have asthma (NAC, 2005). Typically, it is characterized by wheezing and shortness of breath.   The shortness of breath is caused by the narrowing of the airways within the lungs and obstruction to airflow.   Inflammation of the air passages is said to be the underlying reason for this narrowing of the airways (Australian Centre for Asthma Monitoring, 2005).   Symptoms of asthma are usually seen in very young children or the elderly.   Also, those whith other diseases seem to show the symptoms of asthma.   In the 1980’s, the National Asthma Management Plan of Australia was started.   In 1999, asthma became a high priority of the government (Australian Centre for Asthma Monitoring, 2005). According to the Australian Centre for Asthma Monitoring (2005)   asthma is almost on the same priority as injuries, slightly lower than cardiovascular disorders and arthritis.   This is mainly because the prevalence of the diseases are of the same level or slightly varying from one another. In the Journal of Australian Centre for Asthma Monitoring (2005), the definition of Asthma that has been adopted for most international expert organizations is Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways in which many cells and cellular elements play a role, in particular, mast cells, eosinophils, T lymphocytes, macrophages, nutrophi and epithelial cells.   In susceptible individuals this inflammation causes recurrent episodes of wheezing, breathlessness, chest tightness and coughing, particularly at night or in the early morning.   These episodes are usually associated with widespread but variable airflow obstruction that is often reversible either spontaneously or with treatment.   The inflammation also causes an increase in existing bronchial hyperresponsiveness to a variety of stimuli (p. 4) We will write a custom essay sample on Asthma in Australia: Illness and Treatment specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Asthma in Australia: Illness and Treatment specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Asthma in Australia: Illness and Treatment specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer There are two types of asthma.   One is considered intermittent patients and the other, persistent asthma (Australian Centre for Asthma Monitoring, 2005).   It could be said that the distinction between the two is based on the periodical nature of the exposure to triggers.   Asthma can also be classified according to how severe the problem is to a patient.   In relation to this, the severity could be measured by how well the patient responds to treatment.   Subgroups of the illness are also cases for classification.   Although most subgroup represent how asthma is triggered, like exercise-induced asthma or aspirin-sensitive asthma, it is still significant to know this since it may help in the treatment of the problem. There are also different risk factors for asthma.   One is the constitutional factors.   This is the general reference to the predisposition of an individual to factors such as having family members with asthma, genetic mutations, sex and age group.   On the other hand, environmental exposures refer to the risk of acquiring asthma and the necessary interventions needed to be taken (Australian Centre for Asthma Monitoring, 2005). There are different tests to check if patients have asthma.   One of the many is the skin prick test.   This test is given to those who are suspected to have persistent asthma.   Skin prick testing is said to be the gold standard for allergy testing.   This is because it is more sensitive than blood tests (NAC, 2005).   More than relying of the history of patients, skin prick test is more accurate for the identification of allergens of a patient.   It is also very safe and can be tolerated even by small children because it causes little discomfort.   Results are given just after 20 minutes. People with asthma often seek health care and attention for non-urgent concerns such as routine review or prescription of asthma therapy.   According to the National Asthma Council of Australia (2005), effective management helps in the maintenance of the quality of life.   This is the key aim of the treatment.   The main goal is to improve and make sure that the capacity to carry out everyday tasks is normal and not limited by asthma (NAC, 2005). On the other hand, the role of the health professionals is to be aware of the impact of the treatment on short term and long term outcomes of the illness to the patient (NAC, 2005). The impact of asthma on the quality life of people suffering from it report poorer general health than normal people.   They suffer from anxiety and depression.   Not being able to sleep properly is a common problem among adults and children with asthma.   It can also be a hindrance in performing well in the workplace and in school.   (Asthma.org, 2007). Such is the reason why there is a great need to control asthma and its onset.   The goal to stabilize and allow people to perform everyday tasks with ease is just the main answer to the concern of having difficulty in life. The objective of self management is to empower patients with the knowledge and skills they need to treat their own illness. A first step towards this is to have patients share responsibility for their treatment with their caregivers. There are self-management plans for people with asthma.   The main objective of this is to empower patients and equip them with the right knowledge and skills to address and treat their illness (Thoonen and Van Weel, 2000).   The first step that should be taken to carry this out is to have patients feel that they are sharing the responsibility of their treatment with their health professionals (Thoonen and Van Weel, 2000).   .  Ã‚   It aims to monitor their daily activities to pinpoint what stressors trigger their attacks.   It is important for patients to steer clear of these stressors.   Therefore, identification of the triggers is necessary for self-management.   Also, they have to be familiar with how to properly use inhalers and other medical resources that they have to employ. Asthma Action Plans (AAP) plays a big role in the management and treatment of asthma.   It is a written manifestation of asthma symptoms and recognition of patient of how their bodies deteriorate due to asthma.   Due to this written possession of each asthma patient, better medical attention, self-management treatments and interventions are given to patients.   There is also sufficient evidence to say that treatment outcomes positively increase when patients have the AAP (Australian Centre for Asthma Monitoring, 2005). Unfortunately, the majority of people with asthma still do not have a written asthma action plan.   The 1990’s showed a tremendous increase in the possession of the AAP, however, it is enough to sustain it to present time.   There has also been campaigns of the National Asthma Council that seem to improve awareness of the public regarding asthma, sadly, they have difficulty in reaching the outer regional and remote areas, including the socioeconomically disadvantaged regions (Australian Centre for Asthma Monitoring, 2005).   Management of asthma is also done through medication.   This is where the role of health professionals is emphasized.   Medication is used primarily to relieve symptoms during times when they occur, control the disease and treat exacerbations of the disease (Australian Centre for Asthma Monitoring, 2005). In a study by Hawley (2001), she concluded that in asthma care, there is no one perspective that is better than the others.   Different ways of knowing, beliefs and understandings should be taken into consideration.   When one acknowledges that a patient may be different culturally and have distinct beliefs different from the health professional, then there would be a better, safer and more competent treatment to asthma (Hawley, 2001). According to a study by Stoloff and Janson (1997), information, awareness and skills training can improve asthma control.   Control is very important for patients because, as earlier mentioned, it helps the affected people perform everyday tasks like normal people.   Education regarding asthma are proven to be very cost-effective and can lead to a decrease in morbidity among patients of all ages (Janson and Stoloff, 1997).   Asthma education is carried out by health professionals such as nurses and doctors.   This is very important.   It has been noted that there is an increased patient knowledge, improved skills in using inhalers, improvement in clinical status and lesser emergency cases due to asthma (Janson and Stoloff, 1997). Such are the reasons why the health professionals have a role in managing asthma.   The patients turn to them for primary knowledge regarding their illness and to prevent worsening of such problems.   This is a two-way relationship and it is important that each one’s tasks are performed appropriately for better outcomes. Unfortunately, there are problems that could arise in the hand-in-hand patient-health professional treatment of asthma.   According to one study, nurses’ comments on self-management were largely about the importance of patient education and for follow up and monitoring.   They said that this could be achieved through attendance in asthma clinics where nurses could explain and elaborate on the condition and treatment.   Self management treatment is also more advisable for people who have had the disease for a longer time, as compared to the newly diagnosed. Problems arise when nurses see that patients are not to be trusted to take care of themselves properly.   The study cited by Thoonen and Van Weel, mentioned that the nurses considered every patient different from the others.   Ergo, different treatment is much more suited for them. (Thoonen and Van Weel, 2000).   Finally, self-management plans are only effective if the patients themselves still continue to attend follow ups, check ups and coordinate with health professionals.   Otherwise, they will just fall into bad habit if they are not closely monitored.   (Thoonen and Van Weel, 2000). Bibliography Australian Centre for Asthma Monitoring. (2005) Asthma in australia. Asthma series. 2(6). Australian Institute of Health and Welfare (2007). Statistical snapshot of people with asthma, 2001. Asthma series. 8. Department of Health and Ageing, Australian Government (2007). Why asthma is a national priority. Retrieved on August 6, 2007 from http://www.health.gov.au/internet/wcms/publishing.nsf/Content/health-pq-asthma-why.htm Hawley, R. (2001). Voices in time: The role of the nurse in asthma management-past, present and future. (Doctoral Dissertation. University of Sydney, 2001). Virginia Henderson National Nursing Library. Health Insite (2006). Asthma statistics. Retrieved on August 6, 2006, from http://www.healthinsite.gov.au/content/internal/printpage.cfm?ObjID=0000E624-0403-1D2D-81CF83032BFA006Dstartpage=1 Hendeles, L. (1995). The role of the pharmacist in improving asthma care. National Institutes of Health Publication. 95(3280), pp. 1-16. Janson, S. and Stoloff, S. (1997). Providing asthma education in primary care practice-includes self-management plans and patient information. American Family Physician. July. Laurant, M., Reeves, D. and Sibbald, B. (2006). Advanced nurse roles in uk primary care. Medical Journal Association. 185(1), pp. 10-12. National Asthma Council (2005). Asthma management handbook 2006. Retrieved on August 6, 2007 from http://www.nationalasthma.org.au/cms/index.php?option=com_contenttask=viewid=16 Itemid=54 Thoonen, B. and Van Weel, C. (2000). Self management in asthma care. British Medical Journal. 2000(321), pp.1482-1483

Glory a American War Movie by Edward Zwick

Glory a American War Movie by Edward Zwick Glory (1989) is an American war movie that narrates the story of the first all black volunteer infantry in the North, the 54th Massachusetts. The account in this film is told from the point of view of Robert Gould Shaw, who was the commanding officer of this contingent for the duration of the American Civil War. This movie reminds the viewer of the role played by the African American soldiers in the Civil War and in the obliteration of slavery. Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Glory a American War Movie by Edward Zwick specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This article will explore the movie, bringing out the relationship between the stories as reflected on the film in correlation to the actual occurrences that are documented in history books regarding these same episodes. The article will also tackle other features of the films such as the title, settings, and main characters along with how the movie functions as histo ry. The Cast of the movie includes Mathew Broderic who plays the part of Colonel Shaw, Morgan Freeman who plays the grave digger, and Cary Elves who is Major Forbes in this movie, Denzel Washington who plays the character of Trip, and Jimmy Kennedy who plays the field hand’s role. The other characters are Andre Braugher (Corporal Searless), John Finn (Surgent Mulcahy), Domovan Leitch (Captain Morse), JD Cullum (Henry Russell), Jay Sanders (Brigadier Strong), Cliffe De Young (colonel Montogomery), Alan North (Governer Andrew), and Bob Gunton (General Harker). The movie is filmed in Georgia and Florida and is facilitated by hundreds of Civil War historical re-enactors so as to bring out the historical background of the Civil War. The early scenes of the movie reveal Captain Shaw, who is portrayed as being dismayed and bewildered by the violence of the battleground. The captain is then shown to be slightly wounded in combat and faints due to his injuries. A character christene d as the gravedigger wakes him up and he is taken for treatment. While getting treatment, Captain Shaw is informed that President Abraham Lincoln is about to make an announcement that will see the setting free of some of the slaves held in rebel areas. As the movie develops, Shaw is promoted to the rank of a colonel while he is on leave in Boston and given the responsibility of leading the first all blacks regiment, which was to be formed following Abraham Lincoln’s declaration speech. As the leader of his regiment, Colonel Shaw requests his friend from childhood, Cabot Forbes, to deputize him. Advertising Looking for report on art and design? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Other volunteers, who are mostly freed black men, offer to join Colonel Shaw’s regiment. In those days, whites enjoyed more privileges compared to blacks and this is well depicted in the movie by the tension that arises between Trip and Thomas. They however resolve their differences and become closer friends. While at the camp, the 54th regiment undergoes a lot of difficulties due to the discrimination of their group. They are compelled to tolerate the unfaltering strict punishment of Sergeant Major Mulcahy. Among the challenges they experience in the camp were inadequate suitable equipments and the open racial discrimination that was prevalent in the camp. In the camp, the African American soldiers were singled out by their white counterparts. There were no black soldiers in command and it seemed like such positions were preserved for only the whites. After a long period carrying out their duties, Colonel Shaw realizes that his regiment was to be used to perform menial duties. This angered him so much that he threatened to report the unfair treatment to the war department. His request to have his regiment allowed to go to war like the rest of the regiments is then approved by his commanding officers. Follow ing his regiment’s first successful participation in the combat, Colonel Shaw volunteers his 54th Massachusetts to lead an assault on Fort Wagner. Subsequent to being honored by white soldiers and officers, Shaw leads his men to ambush a well guarded enemy’s fort but while trying to lead his men, Shaw is unfortunately shot at and killed instantly. Unfortunately, this also happens to a member of his regiment known as Trip, who attempted to raise the flag and lead his other black men in absence of Shaw. The next scene of the movie opens with a morning scene in which the confederate banner is hoisted on top of the fort. This is followed by a burial of the deceased members of the 54th regiment together with that of Shaw and Trip are buried in a mass grave. This movie is filled with imaginary character and incidences, presenting the viewers with a convincingly emotional story of togetherness between the African American soldiers and certain whites during the American Civil War. Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Glory a American War Movie by Edward Zwick specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Of the many characters in this move, only one character, Colonel Robert Shaw, is non fictional. From the onset of this movie, Robert Shaw is depicted as the main character and his presence is observed almost in all scenes of the movie. Another white character who is as well equally featured in this movie is Cabot Forbes, who is the second in command from Shaw. The whites in this movie are shown as racists and this is clearly reflected in the movie by the way the white soldiers and officers relate to their African American counterparts. Instead of being paid thirteen dollars as the white soldiers are, the black soldiers are paid ten dollars. The black soldiers are also not accorded enough equipment to fight the war yet the whites have more than enough. Yet another scene that portrays the racism theme is shown when the African American soldiers are initially subjected to menial jobs instead of equally being given a chance to play a part in active combat as the whites are. Not all whites are shown as racists and Shaw and Forbes, who are portrayed as sympathizers of the blacks to the extent of demanding equal salary for their regiment. This is shown when, as earlier stated in this article, Shaw threatens to report the unfair treatment of the blacks to the war department. One is left wondering whether under normal circumstances in those days, Shaw and Forbes would really have behaved in similar comportment or if the movie was trying to depict them as good guys while in reality they were not. Most of the Africa Americans individuals during the civil war era were depicted as violent and people who always had problems taking orders. It is no wonder that many people were perplexed by their ability to make good soldiers given that solders always act by the orders given to them. This nat ure of being disobedient is also contrasted in this movie when the blacks protest against racism and their unequal salaries only to quickly soften their stand and accept disciplinary actions from their white counter parts. The blacks are also depicted as being obedient to military orders which eventually led most of them to their death. There are some scenes in this movie that do not accurately portray the occurrences in the American Civil War. For instance, Shaw’s regiment did not actually triumph over the rival forces at Fort Wagner, but in this movie, we are shown the confederate flag flying high on top of the fort as a sign that the regiment was successful in defeating their enemies. Advertising Looking for report on art and design? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Another inaccurate depiction of the Civil War events is the duration of time it took Colonel Shaw to accept the offer of leading the African American Regiment. In the â€Å"Glory,† Shaw is shown as accepting the leadership offer right away while historical documentations illustrate that he accepted the offer after many days of careful deliberation. The number of the 54th regiment soldiers killed in battle is also not captured accurately. The inaccuracies shown in this movie could have been due to the challenges in terms of cost that were encountered while producing this movie. To produce a movie that would capture all the occurrences of the war accurately would have been very costly. Even with the inaccuracies mentioned above, a great extent almost every major incidence that took place in the 54th regiment has been accurately captured in this movie. As one watches the movie, it can be difficult not to notice how this movie is able to capture how unfairly African Americans w ere treated during the war just because of their skin color. The â€Å"Glory† can therefore be said to be a movie that almost accurately portrays the occurrences in the American Civil War particularly the challenges faced by the African Americans in the war. The movie â€Å"Glory† is reflection is of historical importance since it portrays the role of African Americans in fighting for the Union army in the historical American Civil War. Moreover, the â€Å"Glory† shows that the Union victory, which is an important milestone in the history of America, took place with the assistance of African Americans. Despite being put through a lot of suffering in the form of slavery and other forms of discrimination, the movie portrays the African Americans as being capable of fighting in a war, just as their white counterparts and as such, they should be recognized as having greatly contributed to the history of the US. At the time of the Civil War, it was a common belief a mong many whites that the blacks were incapable of properly fighting in a war and therefore should not be allowed to participate in the war. This belief was however proven wrong by history just as shown in â€Å"Glory,† which honors the African Americans for their role in the war. There were also some fears about the loyalty of the blacks during the war given their history of being slaves but once again, just as shown in the movie, the black fighters in the war proved very loyal and worthy to be in the battle despite their group being openly discriminated against. The movie Glory is a celebration of the less known acts of courage and sacrifice during the Civil War. As shown by the movie, as much as the Civil War was about ending slavery and setting free the blacks, it is ironical that the blacks in the movie were not free to fight the war as shown by their bad treatment during the war. This was perhaps a sign that the war would not mark the end of discrimination of the Afri can Americans. In fact, most historians who write about the Civil War tend to ignore the crucial role played by the blacks yet more than 200 thousand of them actively fought and helped secure victory for the northerners. A big part of the movie accurately portrays the exact happenings as they took place during the Civil War. After watching the movie, a viewer cannot fail to notice the huge effort put towards correctly portraying the details of the war. The main scene in the movie occurred just as it is portrayed in the movie and some of the main characters, including Douglas, Shaw and Frederick, actually existed and fought in the war as shown in the movie. Even though a good number of the secondary characters are fictional, they have been included in the movie to represent the wide cross-section of individuals who joined the 54th Regiment. The movie can therefore be said to be an almost accurate representation of African American participation in the war and their struggles. Some o f the scary scenes in the movie, including the one showing an explosion of a soldier’s head, are included in an effort to show the gore and bloodshed that took place in the battlefield. Even with such scary scenes, the movie’s accurate depiction of an important historical occurrence has made it a perfect movie to be shown during history classes. However, the version shown in schools is edited to reduce extreme violence. The movie is among the most shown movies in high school history classes to increase awareness of the important role played by blacks in the Civil War. Apart from telling the story of an important occurrence in US history, the movie contains elements associated with a great motion picture which leaves its viewers with a lot of memories.